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Quebec Bill 96 and your website: selling in French

If you sell to customers in Quebec, the Charter of the French Language, strengthened by Bill 96 in 2022, reaches your website, your online shop and the documents they send. Here is what the text says, and what it changes in the technical work.

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Bill 96 in a few lines

Bill 96 is the Act respecting French, the official and common language of Québec (S.Q. 2022, c. 14), assented to on June 1, 2022. It amended the Charter of the French Language, the law that governs the use of French in Quebec since 1977, and brought its obligations into force in stages, most of them on June 1, 2022, others on June 1, 2023 (notably on contracts) and on June 1, 2025 (notably on trademarks in public signs and the francization of businesses with 25 to 49 employees).

The Charter applies to businesses that carry on activities in Quebec, whatever their size. The Office québécois de la langue française (OQLF) handles complaints, can require a business to comply and, when it does not, can refer the file for penal proceedings. Whether a business based elsewhere that sells online to customers in Quebec falls within its reach depends on how it operates there: that question is for your legal adviser, not for us.

What the Charter says that touches a website

Several sections of the Charter, as amended, concern what a business publishes and sends online.

  • Right to be served in French (section 50.2): a business that offers goods or services to consumers must respect their right to be informed and served in French. When the public is not made up of consumers, the business must inform and serve it in French.

  • Commercial documents (section 52): regardless of the medium used, catalogues, brochures, folders, commercial directories, order forms and similar documents available to the public must be drawn up in French. A version in another language may exist only if the French version is available on terms at least as favourable. A website that presents and sells products is squarely in this category.

  • Product information (section 51): inscriptions on a product, its packaging and the documents supplied with it, including directions for use and warranty certificates, must be in French; no other language may be given greater prominence.

  • Contracts of adhesion (section 55): standard contracts and the related documents must be drawn up in French. Since June 1, 2023, a customer may be bound by a version in another language only after receiving the French version and expressly choosing the other one. Your online terms and conditions are the typical example.

  • Invoices and receipts (section 57): they must be drawn up in French, and a version in another language cannot be sent if the French one is not available to the recipient.

  • Public signs and commercial advertising (section 58): they must be in French, or in French and another language with French markedly predominant. Since June 1, 2025, a registered trademark in another language on a sign visible from outside premises requires French to be markedly predominant.

These rules are not theoretical. In January 2025, a Montreal furniture business was convicted for a second time of an offence under section 52, according to the OQLF, because its website was available only in a language other than French.

What it changes on your website

In practice, the question is simple: can a customer in Quebec do everything in French, as easily as in English? That translates into concrete technical choices.

  • A complete French version, not a summary page: the same products, the same information, the same prices and the same functions as the English version.

  • A French version that is easy to find: a visible language switch on every page, no French content hidden deeper in the menus, and correct language declarations and alternate links so that search engines show the right version.

  • Product sheets, descriptions and instructions in French, on the shop and in the product feed that reaches marketplaces or comparison sites.

  • Checkout, order confirmation emails, invoices and account pages in French: on Shopify or WooCommerce, this means translating the theme, the notifications and the apps, not only the pages.

  • Terms and conditions, return policy and privacy policy offered in French first, with the English version available on request or as an explicit choice.

  • Forms, error messages, cookie banner and chatbot answers in French too, because they are part of how the customer is informed and served.

The trademark exception deserves care. A registered trademark that exists only in another language can generally remain as it is in commercial advertising, but the generic words around it (descriptions, slogans, calls to action) still have to be in French.

How we build it with you

We start with an inventory of everything the site shows and sends: pages, product data, emails, documents, third-party apps. Each item gets a status: already in French, to be translated, to be replaced because it cannot be translated.

We then set up the site so that both languages are equal by construction: one structure, two complete versions, a language switch on every page, and French as a first-class version rather than an afterthought. For an online shop, we configure the translation of the theme, notifications and checkout, and we check the apps that insert their own text.

If you do not have French content, we can write or adapt it through our content writing service, with French adapted to Quebec usage rather than a literal translation. The translation of your content, if you do not supply it, is quoted separately. Your legal texts remain yours: we integrate the French versions supplied by you or your adviser.

This work fits into a website creation, an online shop creation or a redesign, or it can be the subject of a website audit first. See our pricing page for starting prices.

What we do not do

We do not give legal advice, and we do not certify that a site complies with the Charter. Only the OQLF and, where applicable, the courts interpret it. What we deliver is a site where French is complete, visible and equivalent, which is the technical condition for compliance, and a clear record of what has been done.

Frequently asked questions

Does my website have to be in French only?

No. Section 52 of the Charter requires the French version, and allows other languages as long as the French version is available on terms at least as favourable. An English version can stay, next to a complete French one.

Is machine translation enough?

The Charter asks for French, not for a particular translation method. But an incomplete or clumsy French version is neither equivalent nor convincing for your customers. We review and adapt the texts to Quebec usage, and the legal texts are supplied by you or your adviser.

What about my Shopify apps and emails?

They count. Order confirmations, invoices, account pages and texts inserted by apps are part of how customers are informed and served. We check them one by one and suggest replacing an app that cannot display French.

Let’s talk about your project

Describe your context: you will receive a first reply, with no commitment.

Sources

Texts consulted on September 27, 2026. This page describes a general framework; it is not legal advice.

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